Variance calculator
Separate values with commas, spaces, or new lines. Any mix works.
Use sample variance when your data is a sample of a larger group. Use population variance when you have every value.
Show the step-by-step calculation
Variance Calculator
Sample and population variance computed instantly, with the standard deviations and the full working shown.
Variance is the average of the squared deviations from the mean. It is the engine room of most spread statistics: standard deviation is simply its square root. This calculator puts variance first. Sample variance, which divides the sum of squared deviations by n - 1, appears at the top alongside population variance, which divides by n. Both standard deviations, the sum of squared deviations, and the usual summary statistics follow below.
Because variance is measured in squared units, it can feel abstract on its own. That is why the step-by-step section expands the whole calculation for your exact numbers: the mean, every squared deviation, their sum, and the final division by n or n - 1. Want the answer in original units instead? The standard deviation solver leads with the square roots. Looking for averages? Try themean median mode calculator.
The calculator runs entirely in your browser with plain JavaScript. Your numbers never leave your device, there is nothing to sign up for, and results update as you type.